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Property | Description |
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Chemical Formula | TiO2 |
Molecular Weight | 79.866 g/mol |
Crystal Structures | |
- Rutile | High density, refractive index (2.7), excellent stability. Used in high-performance coatings and plastics. |
- Anatase | High photocatalytic activity, lower refractive index (2.5). Used in photocatalysts and self-cleaning materials. |
- Brookite | Rare, limited industrial applications. |
Physical Properties | |
- Color | White powder (pure form), slight color variations based on crystal structure. |
- Density | Rutile: 4.23 g/cm³; Anatase: 3.89 g/cm³. |
- Melting Point | ~1843°C (decomposes). |
- Solubility | Insoluble in water, dilute acids, and organic solvents. Soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid. |
Chemical Stability | |
- Acid/Alkali Resistance | Stable at room temperature. Reacts with strong acids (e.g., H2SO4) or alkalis (e.g., molten NaOH) at high temperatures. |
- Photocatalytic Activity | Anatase type decomposes organic compounds under UV light-used in air purification and antibacterial coatings. |
- Redox Properties | Can be reduced to lower titanium oxides (e.g., Ti3O5) at high temperatures by carbon or aluminum. |
Optical Properties | |
- Refractive Index | 2.4-2.7 (provides excellent opacity and whiteness, ideal for white pigments). |
- UV Absorption | Absorbs UVA (320-400 nm) and UVB (280-320 nm)-widely used in sunscreens. |
Pigment | Refractive Index | Opacity | UV Resistance | Cost | Main Limitations |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
TiO2 (Rutile) | 2.7 | 5star | 5star | High | Cost, potential photocatalysis |
Zinc Oxide (ZnO) | 2.0 | 2star | 4star | Medium | Poor opacity, reactivity |
Lithopone (ZnS + BaSO4) | 1.8 | 2star | 2star | Low | Poor durability |
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) | 1.6 | 1star | 1star | Very Low | Filler only, no opacity |
Industry | Function of TiO | Example Products |
---|---|---|
Paints & Coatings | - Primary opacifier - UV protector |
Wall paints, car finishes, powder coatings |
Plastics | - Whitening agent - UV stabilizer |
PVC windows, food packaging, toys |
Inks | - Brightness enhancer - Opacity provider |
Offset inks, packaging inks |
Paper | - Coating pigment - Brightness booster |
High-gloss magazine paper |
Challenge:
1.Photocatalytic Degradation (chalking in paints)
2.Dispersion Issues (agglomeration)
3.High Cost
4.Environmental Regulations (e.g., EU E171 ban)
Solution:
1.Use surface-treated rutile TiO2 (SiO2/Al2O3 coated).
2.Optimize grinding & use dispersing agents.
3.Blend with extenders (e.g., CaCO3) where possible.
4.Switch to non-food-grade or alternative opacifiers.
1.Q:How's the quality?
A:We are the source factory, quality is guaranteed.
2.Q:When does it ship?
A:We have standardized processes to ship as fast as possible.
3.Q:How do you protect the after-sales?
A:We keep samples of each batch and support returns and technical traceability in case of quality problems.