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| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | TiO2 |
| Molecular Weight | 79.866 g/mol |
| Crystal Structures | |
| - Rutile | High density, refractive index (2.7), excellent stability. Used in high-performance coatings and plastics. |
| - Anatase | High photocatalytic activity, lower refractive index (2.5). Used in photocatalysts and self-cleaning materials. |
| - Brookite | Rare, limited industrial applications. |
| Physical Properties | |
| - Color | White powder (pure form), slight color variations based on crystal structure. |
| - Density | Rutile: 4.23 g/cm³; Anatase: 3.89 g/cm³. |
| - Melting Point | ~1843°C (decomposes). |
| - Solubility | Insoluble in water, dilute acids, and organic solvents. Soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid and hydroflu0ric acid. |
| Chemical Stability | |
| - Acid/Alkali Resistance | Stable at room temperature. Reacts with strong acids (e.g., H2SO4) or alkalis (e.g., molten NaOH) at high temperatures. |
| - Photocatalytic Activity | Anatase type decomposes organic compounds under UV light-used in air purification and antibacterial coatings. |
| - Redox Properties | Can be reduced to lower titanium oxides (e.g., Ti3O5) at high temperatures by carbon or aluminum. |
| Optical Properties | |
| - Refractive Index | 2.4-2.7 (provides excellent opacity and whiteness, ideal for white pigments). |
| - UV Absorption | Absorbs UVA (320-400 nm) and UVB (280-320 nm)-widely used in sunscreens. |
2. Plastics & Rubber
TiO2 serves as a whitener and performance enhancer in plastics and rubber, improving thermal stability and UV resistance. Key uses involve PVC piping, PE films, UV-shielded tire components, and appliance housings (e.g., refrigerators, washing machines) to maintain whiteness and prevent discoloration.
3. Cosmetics & Personal Care
In cosmetics, TiO2 functions as a mineral UV filter, scattering UVA/UVB radiation for skin protection, while providing whitening and texture refinement. It is prevalent in sunscreens, makeup formulations, whitening toothpaste, and bar soaps for enhanced sensory properties.
Paper Manufacturing
TiO2 functions as an additive and surface enhancer in paper production, elevating brightness, surface finish, and print performance. It is critical for premium-grade printing sheets and glossy coating formulations.
Ceramics & Glass Industries
In ceramics, TiO2 integrates into coatings to amplify gloss and abrasion resistance. For glass, it neutralizes iron-induced greenish hues as a color-correcting agent, applied in tile glazes, dishware finishes, and transparent container glass.
Photocatalysis & Environmental Applications
Leveraging its UV-activated photocatalytic capability, TiO2 breaks down harmful organic compounds. Key uses span air purification (decomposing formaldehyde/VOCs), self-cleaning surfaces (eliminating organic residues), and water treatment (neutralizing toxins and heavy metals).
Energy & Electronic Technologies
In energy systems, TiO2 serves as an electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (e.g., Li4Ti5O12 anodes) and enhances dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) via light absorption layers, boosting energy conversion. Its durability and photo-responsive properties also advance electronic component performance.
| Pigment | Refractive Index | Opacity | UV Resistance | Cost | Main Limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TiO2 (Rutile) | 2.7 | 5star | 5star | High | Cost, potential photocatalysis |
| Zinc Oxide (ZnO) | 2.0 | 2star | 4star | Medium | Poor opacity, reactivity |
| Lithopone (ZnS + BaSO4) | 1.8 | 2star | 2star | Low | Poor durability |
| Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) | 1.6 | 1star | 1star | Very Low | Filler only, no opacity |
| Industry | Function of TiO | Example Products |
|---|---|---|
| Paints & Coatings | - Primary opacifier - UV protector |
Wall paints, car finishes, powder coatings |
| Plastics | - Whitening agent - UV stabilizer |
PVC windows, food packaging, toys |
| Inks | - Brightness enhancer - Opacity provider |
Offset inks, packaging inks |
| Paper | - Coating pigment - Brightness booster |
High-gloss magazine paper |
Challenges:
Photocatalytic breakdown (paint powdering)
Agglomeration during dispersion
Elevated expense
Regulatory restrictions (e.g., EU E171)
Solutions:
Apply surface-coated rutile TiO2 (SiO2/Al2O3 coatings).
Enhance milling & employ dispersion aids.
Combine with fillers (e.g., CaCO3).
Adopt non-food-grade or alternative opacifying agents.
1.Q:How's the quality?
A:We are the source factory, quality is guaranteed.
2.Q:When does it ship?
A:We have standardized processes to ship as fast as possible.
3.Q:How do you protect the after-sales?
A:We keep samples of each batch and support returns and technical traceability in case of quality problems.
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