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Chlorinated polypropylene (also called CPP resin) is a thermoplastic resin obtained by chlorination modification of polypropylene (PP), and is widely used in coatings (mainly composite inks) and adhesive industries. The research and development of chlorinated polypropylene began in the 1960s. It was first industrialized in the United States, and then Japan and other countries successively built production facilities. Domestic production began in the late 1980s.
Chlorinated polypropylene (CPP) is a functional polymer material derived from the chlorination modification of polypropylene (PP), with chlorine content typically ranging from 20% to 40%. During chlorination, hydrogen atoms on the PP molecular chain are replaced by chlorine atoms, forming random or block structures that impart unique properties: 1.Exceptional physicochemical performance: Resistance to acids, alkalis, oils, and organic solvents, high thermal stability (decomposition temperature >200°C), while retaining PP's mechanical strength; 2.Strong adhesion: Enhanced molecular polarity significantly improves bonding to non-polar substrates like PP and PE; 3.Broad processing adaptability: Soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, and other solvents, with excellent film-forming properties for use in coatings, inks, or adhesives; 4.High functional tunability: By adjusting chlorine content and distribution, solubility, flexibility, and compatibility can be tailored, while blending or grafting modifications enable flame retardancy, weather resistance, and other features. CPP's multidimensional performance advantages solidify its role as a core material in plastic surface treatment and composite bonding.
Property Category | Detailed Description |
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Chemical Formula | (C3H6-xClx)n, where the chlorine content (x) typically ranges from 20% to 40%, replacing hydrogen atoms on the polypropylene molecular chain. |
Color | White to pale yellow powder or granules; specific color may vary slightly depending on chlorination degree or production process. |
Odor | Odorless or faintly irritating (depending on residual solvents or chlorination by-products). |
Primary Functions | 1. Enhances adhesion to non-polar substrates (e.g., PP, PE); 2. Improves chemical corrosion resistance; 3. Acts as a film-forming base in solvent-based systems; 4. Enhances material compatibility. |
Chemical Characteristics | 1. Chemical Resistance: Resistant to acids, alkalis, oils, and most organic solvents; 2. Thermal Stability: Decomposition temperature >200°C; may release HCl at high temperatures; 3. Solubility: Soluble in non-polar solvents such as aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, xylene) and esters (ethyl acetate); 4. Polarity: Increased molecular polarity improves interfacial bonding with polar/non-polar materials. |
Physical Properties | 1. Density: 1.0-1.2 g/cm³ (higher than unchlorinated PP); 2. Melting Point: No distinct melting point (chlorination disrupts crystallinity, resulting in thermoplastic behavior); 3. Mechanical Properties: Retains PP's toughness, but hardness and rigidity increase with chlorine content; 4. Form: Solid powder or granules at room temperature; 5. Flexibility: Softness/hardness can be adjusted by controlling chlorine content and molecular weight. |
Products: Food packaging films, labels, flexible packaging composite layers.
Roles:
Ink and Coating Binder: CPP acts as a binder to enhance ink adhesion to non-polar plastics (e.g., PE, PP), ensuring print durability.
Chemical Resistance: Protects against oils and acidic contents, extending packaging lifespan.
Future Trends:
Eco-Friendly Coatings: Development of water-based CPP coatings to reduce VOC emissions.
Recyclable Packaging Compatibility: Optimizing CPP compatibility with biodegradable materials to support circular economies.
Products: Interior adhesives, plastic component coatings, sealing strips.
Roles:
Material Bonding: Bonds heterogeneous materials (e.g., PP/PE with leather, fabrics) in dashboards and door panels via enhanced polarity.
Weather Resistance: Serves as primers or topcoats to resist UV, heat, and chemical corrosion.
Future Trends:
Lightweight Solutions: Low-density CPP composites for lightweight electric vehicles.
Low-VOC Adhesives: Solvent-free CPP adhesives to meet indoor air quality standards.
Products: Cable insulation, electronic component encapsulants, circuit board protective coatings.
Roles:
Insulation and Protection: High electrical resistance and chemical resistance shield cables from environmental damage.
Encapsulation: Seals electronic components to prevent moisture ingress.
Future Trends:
High-Temperature Resistance: CPP with decomposition temperatures >250°C for 5G/high-power applications.
Flexible Electronics: Modified CPP for foldable screen coatings via enhanced molecular flexibility.
Products: Waterproof membrane coatings, pipe anti-corrosion layers, construction adhesives.
Roles:
Waterproofing: Forms dense barriers against moisture penetration.
Corrosion Protection: Protects metal pipes or concrete from acid/alkali damage.
Future Trends:
Sustainable Materials: Bio-based CPP coatings for low-carbon construction.
Self-Healing Coatings: Microencapsulation technology for automatic damage repair.
Products: Lithium battery separator coatings, 3D printing filaments, medical materials.
Roles:
Battery Separators: CPP coatings improve electrolyte resistance and thermal stability in lithium batteries.
3D Printing: Enhances interlayer adhesion and surface finish as a PP-based modifier.
Future Trends:
New Energy Applications: High-performance CPP separators for solid-state batteries.
Customized Materials: Molecularly engineered CPP for biocompatible medical devices.
Green Processes: Chlorine-free or low-chlorine production to reduce environmental impact.
Functional Innovation: Flame-retardant, conductive, and multifunctional CPP composites.
Policy Support: Global plastic regulations boosting CPP adoption in recyclable packaging.
Chlorinated Polypropylene (CPP) holds critical roles in traditional and emerging industries due to its adhesion, chemical resistance, and tunable properties. Driven by sustainability and technological advancements, CPP is poised to evolve into high-performance, multifunctional, and sustainable solutions, expanding its applications in renewable energy and advanced manufacturing.
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